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Our detective agency conducts custom photo and video, audio recording, in our work we use professional equipment and methods of forensic photography, we will consider them in this article.
Photography as one of the methods of fixation is widely and organically accepted by forensic science and creatively adapted to the unique conditions of the study of material evidence. The first serious successes in the development of general photography, which marked the transition from a period of experiments to a period in which the basic principles and techniques of photography were finally formed, coincided with the first attempts to use it in forensic science. The end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries were equally critical for photography, which turned into a technically equipped and scientifically based branch of practical knowledge, and for criminology, which formed into an independent science.
Based on the modern achievements of general photography, the technical capabilities of its means and methods, as well as on the basis of the tasks facing forensic science, forensic scientists and practitioners develop special methods and techniques for the successful use of these achievements in the fight against crime.
Photography has received such wide use in forensic science due to such qualities as objectivity, high information capacity.
“An extremely important feature of photo, audio and video documents as sources and carriers of information is their ability to accumulate large information messages on a small media format.”
Material signs of crimes are recorded in the protocol of the corresponding investigative action with the help of sketches, drawing up diagrams and drawings. However, these methods of fixation are subjective, they are inextricably linked with the personality of the investigator, his professional and other skills (the ability to observe, attention, memory, etc.). Sketches, plans, diagrams and drawings make it possible to abstractly represent the location and relative position of the objects under study as a whole, or their individual elements, without giving the opportunity to judge the small, but sometimes very important and essential elements of the objects under study.
Photographs made in compliance with certain rules are successfully used for identification purposes, which cannot be said about plans, drawings, diagrams, drawings.
Photographing does not affect the safety and condition of the object being photographed, and therefore is used before other methods of fixation.
With photography as a method of obtainingFermentation is associated with such important signs for the investigation as:
- visibility;
- comparative precision;
- universality of reflection;
- greater sensitivity;
- high resolution;
- fastness.
The specific features of objects, purposes of shooting, photographing techniques define photography in forensic science as an independent discipline called forensic photography.
Forensic photography is divided into:
- forensic-operational (imprinting);
- forensic research (research).
In the literature, there are different points of view on this matter, but the division of forensic photography into imprinting and research photography objectively reflects the content of various types of photography. In some cases, with the help of photography, objects of the outside world are captured (the situation at the scene of the incident, the conditions for conducting an investigative experiment, the appearance of material evidence, etc.), in others, objects are studied (photographing using light filters, the use of special types of lighting, photographing in invisible rays and etc.). In both cases, the shooting is carried out by investigators and experts.
Impressive photography– a system of types and methods of photography, as a result of which the objects of the outside world are reproduced on the photosensitive layer as they are observed (within the technical capabilities of each type of modern photography) . The purpose of a capturing photograph is to obtain the most accurate copy of the object being photographed.
Research photography is a system of photography methods, the use of which makes it possible to reproduce objects of the outside world on a photosensitive layer in a modified form compared to the usual one. The purpose of research photography is to identify previously unknown features of the object.
Photographic imprinting and research can be carried out on black-and-white and color photosensitive materials, and in both cases the subject can be obtained both in single static images and in the form of a dynamic image – a film.
Currently, the objects of photographic research are practically only material evidence. The totality of methods, techniques and means of research is mainly used in the practice of forensic examinations, however, there are some methods of research photography.affia, which the investigator himself or with the help of a specialist can use in the process of investigating a crime.
Let us consider in detail research photography on the methods and methods (techniques) of forensic photographic shooting.
1. Method for changing contrasts:
- physico-chemical change of contrasts;
- change color contrasts;
- changing brightness contrasts.
2. Microscopic method (microphotography).
3. The method of photographic alignment.
4. Method of shooting in the invisible rays of the spectrum:
- Shooting in the rays of radioactive substances;
- Shooting in x-rays;
- Shooting in ultraviolet rays;
- Shooting in infrared.
